Skeematerapiaa

Skeematerapiaa, a Finnish term, translates to "schema therapy" in English. It is a form of psychotherapy that integrates elements from cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, and Gestalt therapies. Developed by Jeffrey E. Young, schema therapy aims to help individuals overcome deeply ingrained, maladaptive patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving that originated in childhood and adolescence. These patterns are known as "schemas" or "early maladaptive schemas."

Schemas are core beliefs about oneself, others, and the world that are often negative and pervasive. Examples include schemas like "Abandonment," "Defectiveness/Shame," and "Mistrust/Abuse." These schemas, while sometimes originating from unmet childhood needs, can persist into adulthood and lead to chronic emotional distress and dysfunctional relationship patterns.

Schema therapy involves identifying these core schemas and understanding their origins. Treatment then focuses on challenging and changing these schemas, as well as addressing the coping mechanisms individuals have developed to deal with them. The therapeutic relationship is central, with the therapist acting as a "limited reparent" to help meet unmet childhood needs. Techniques include cognitive restructuring, experiential exercises, and behavioral change strategies. Schema therapy is often used to treat chronic depression, anxiety disorders, personality disorders, and eating disorders, particularly when traditional therapies have not been fully effective.