Siviilihallinto

Siviilihallinto refers to the administrative bodies and structures of a state that are distinct from its military apparatus. It encompasses the governmental departments, agencies, and officials responsible for the day-to-day governance and management of a nation's affairs in peacetime or in areas not under military control. This includes functions such as public services, economic regulation, law enforcement, education, healthcare, and the administration of justice. The primary role of siviilihallinto is to implement and enforce laws, provide essential services to citizens, and manage public resources efficiently and equitably.

The concept of siviilihallinto is fundamental to the principle of civilian supremacy, where the military is subordinate to the elected or appointed civilian leadership. This separation ensures that political decision-making remains in civilian hands, preventing undue military influence on policy and governance. In times of crisis or conflict, the scope and responsibilities of siviilihallinto may be affected, but its core function of administering civilian life and upholding the rule of law generally persists. The effectiveness of siviilihallinto is often seen as a measure of a state's stability, governance capacity, and commitment to democratic principles or established legal frameworks.