Singuláris

Singuláris is an adjective derived from Latin singulus, meaning one or single. In modern technical usage the term denotes singularity or the single form, and it appears in several languages with related meanings.

In linguistics and grammar, singuláris describes the singular number, contrasting with plural. It is used when discussing nouns, pronouns, and verb forms that refer to a single referent or entity.

In mathematics, singuláris is used for several related concepts. A singular matrix is a square matrix with determinant zero and thus non-invertible. A singularity of a function or of spacetime is a point where regular descriptions fail, such as poles or essential singularities in complex analysis, or curvature divergences in general relativity. Singularity theory studies the behavior of spaces at non-manifold points and how structures change near such points. The term also appears in reference to singular values in linear algebra, which are the values that arise in the singular value decomposition of a matrix.

In physics, singularities describe points where physical quantities become infinite or ill-defined, such as gravitational singularities in general relativity, including black holes, or the initial Big Bang singularity. These concepts often indicate limits of current theories and motivate the search for more complete models.

See also: singularity, singular value, singular form, grammatical number.