Silmälamppututkimus

Silmälamppututkimus, known in English as pupillometry, is a scientific method used to measure and analyze the pupil's reaction to light and other stimuli. This non-invasive technique involves presenting controlled light patterns to the eye and recording the resulting changes in pupil size. The pupil's size is regulated by the iris, which constricts in bright light to reduce the amount of light entering the eye and dilates in dim light to maximize it. These responses are mediated by the autonomic nervous system, making pupillometry a valuable tool for assessing neurological and physiological function.

The equipment used in silmälamppututkimus typically includes a light source capable of delivering specific intensities and durations of light, and a camera or infrared sensor to track and measure pupil diameter accurately. Modern systems can also present visual stimuli, such as images or text, to observe the pupil's response to cognitive or emotional challenges.

Silmälamppututkimus has a wide range of applications. In ophthalmology, it is used to diagnose various eye conditions, including optic nerve damage, retinal diseases, and certain types of glaucoma, by evaluating the integrity of the pupillary light reflex. In neurology, it can help detect neurological disorders affecting the brainstem, cranial nerves, or autonomic nervous system, such as Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, it is employed in research settings to study attention, cognitive load, emotional arousal, and even drug effects, as pupil dilation can correlate with increased mental effort or emotional intensity. The simplicity and objectivity of pupillometry make it a versatile diagnostic and research instrument.