Silisiumnantråder

Silisiumnantråder, also known as silicon nanowires (SiNWs), are one-dimensional nanostructures with a diameter typically ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. They are composed of silicon, a semiconductor material widely used in electronics. Their unique properties arise from their nanoscale dimensions, leading to quantum confinement effects and a significantly increased surface-to-volume ratio compared to bulk silicon.

These nanowires can be synthesized through various methods, including vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth, metal-assisted chemical etching, and electrochemical deposition. The growth parameters can be controlled to tailor their length, diameter, and crystalline structure. SiNWs can be single-crystalline, polycrystalline, or amorphous.

The electrical and optical properties of silicon nanowires are highly dependent on their dimensions and doping. They exhibit enhanced electrical conductivity and can be n-type or p-type doped. Optically, they can display tunable light emission and absorption characteristics, making them interesting for optoelectronic applications.

Research into silicon nanowires is driven by their potential in a wide range of applications. These include advanced electronics, such as high-performance transistors and memory devices, as well as energy harvesting and storage technologies, like solar cells and batteries. Their biocompatibility also makes them candidates for biomedical applications, including biosensors and drug delivery systems.