Sensibilitätsstörung

Sensibilitätsstörung is a German term that translates to sensory disturbance or sensory impairment. It refers to any alteration or loss of normal sensation in the body. This can affect various sensory modalities, including touch, temperature, pain, pressure, and proprioception (the sense of the relative position of one's own parts of the body).

Sensory disturbances can manifest in different ways. Paresthesia describes abnormal sensations like tingling, prickling, or "pins and needles." Hypoesthesia refers to a reduced sensitivity to stimuli, while anesthesia is a complete loss of sensation. Conversely, hyperesthesia denotes an increased sensitivity, and dysesthesia is an unpleasant abnormal sensation, often described as burning or aching, that occurs spontaneously or in response to touch.

These impairments can arise from a wide range of underlying causes. Neurological conditions are common culprits, including peripheral neuropathy (damage to nerves outside the brain and spinal cord), nerve compression (such as in carpal tunnel syndrome), spinal cord injuries, stroke, and multiple sclerosis. Metabolic disorders like diabetes can also lead to nerve damage and subsequent sensory disturbances. Furthermore, trauma, infections, and certain medications can contribute to these symptoms.

The diagnosis of a sensibilitätsstörung typically involves a thorough medical history, a physical examination assessing sensory function, and potentially further investigations like nerve conduction studies, electromyography, or imaging techniques to identify the root cause. Treatment strategies are directed at the underlying condition, and may include medication, physical therapy, or surgery.