Seljaajuvedelik

Seljaajuvedelik, also known as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), is a clear, colorless bodily fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. It is produced by specialized cells called ependymal cells in the choroid plexuses within the ventricles of the brain.

The primary functions of CSF include providing mechanical protection by acting as a shock absorber for the central nervous system, maintaining a stable internal environment for neurons, and facilitating the removal of metabolic waste products. It also plays a role in transporting nutrients and hormones to the brain and spinal cord.

CSF circulates through the subarachnoid space, which is the area between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater, two of the meninges that cover the brain and spinal cord. It then drains into the venous system via arachnoid granulations.

The composition of CSF is closely regulated to maintain homeostasis. It contains electrolytes, glucose, amino acids, and a small number of proteins and white blood cells. Any significant changes in its composition or volume can indicate underlying neurological conditions.

Analysis of CSF, through a procedure called lumbar puncture (spinal tap), is a crucial diagnostic tool in medicine. It can help identify infections such as meningitis, inflammatory conditions like multiple sclerosis, and certain types of cancer that may affect the central nervous system. Abnormalities in CSF pressure, cell count, protein levels, or the presence of specific antibodies or pathogens can provide vital clues for diagnosis and treatment.