Selfpolymerization

Self-polymerization, also known as autopolymerization or spontaneous polymerization, refers to a chemical process where monomers react with themselves to form a polymer chain without the introduction of an external initiator. This typically occurs when monomers possess inherent reactivity, such as the presence of functional groups that can readily attack each other under specific conditions.

Certain classes of monomers are more prone to self-polymerization. For example, monomers with strained rings, like epoxides or lactones, can undergo ring-opening polymerization initiated by a trace amount of acidic or basic species present in the monomer itself or the environment. Similarly, monomers with highly polarized double bonds, such as vinyl monomers, can sometimes initiate their own polymerization, especially at elevated temperatures or in the presence of impurities.

The rate and extent of self-polymerization are highly dependent on the specific monomer, temperature, presence of impurities, and storage conditions. It is often an undesirable phenomenon in monomer storage and handling, as it can lead to premature polymerization, rendering the monomer unusable and potentially creating hazardous situations due to heat generation. Inhibitors are often added to monomers to prevent or slow down self-polymerization during storage. Understanding the propensity for self-polymerization is crucial for ensuring the safe and effective use of monomers in various chemical processes and polymer production.