Sekundäärikäämiä

Sekundäärikäämiä, also known as secondary cilia, are small, hair-like structures that protrude from the surface of cells. They are distinct from primary cilia, which are larger and typically found at the cell's apex. Secondary cilia are shorter and more numerous, often found in clusters or arrays on the cell surface. Their primary function is to sense and respond to mechanical stimuli, such as fluid flow and shear stress. This sensory role is crucial in various physiological processes, including the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Secondary cilia are particularly important in the development and maintenance of tissues and organs, such as the kidney, lung, and heart. They play a role in filtering waste products, maintaining tissue integrity, and responding to environmental changes. The structure and function of secondary cilia are influenced by various factors, including genetic mutations and environmental conditions. Dysfunction of secondary cilia has been linked to several diseases, such as polycystic kidney disease and primary ciliary dyskinesia. Research into secondary cilia continues to uncover their complex roles in health and disease, offering potential targets for therapeutic interventions.