Sejtterápiák

Sejtterápiák, also known as cell therapies, represent a broad category of medical treatments that involve the transplantation of cells into a patient to treat a disease or condition. These cells can be derived from the patient themselves (autologous), from a healthy donor (allogeneic), or from specialized cell lines. The fundamental principle behind cell therapy is to replace damaged or diseased cells with healthy ones, or to introduce cells that can perform a specific therapeutic function.

One of the most well-established forms of cell therapy is bone marrow transplantation, also known as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This treatment is used for various hematological disorders, cancers, and immune deficiencies. Hematopoietic stem cells, found in bone marrow or peripheral blood, can differentiate into all types of blood cells. In this therapy, a patient's diseased bone marrow is destroyed, often through chemotherapy or radiation, and then replaced with healthy stem cells from a donor.

More recent advancements have led to the development of novel cell therapies. These include CAR T-cell therapy for certain blood cancers, where a patient's own T-cells are genetically engineered to recognize and attack cancer cells. Other experimental cell therapies are exploring the use of mesenchymal stem cells for their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties, with potential applications in conditions like osteoarthritis, autoimmune diseases, and wound healing. Research continues to expand the scope and efficacy of cell therapies, aiming to address a wide range of unmet medical needs.