Sejtszétválasztás

Sejtszétválasztás, a Hungarian term, translates to "cell separation" or "cell sorting" in English. This refers to a process used in biology and medicine to isolate specific types of cells from a mixed population. Various techniques exist to achieve this, depending on the characteristics of the cells being separated.

One common method is fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). In FACS, cells are labeled with fluorescent molecules that bind to specific markers on their surface or inside. As cells pass through a laser beam in a fluid stream, the fluorescence is detected. Based on the emitted light, a machine can then physically sort the cells into different collection tubes. This allows for the isolation of rare cell populations or cells with particular properties.

Other methods of cell separation include magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS), which uses magnetic beads coated with antibodies to label and then separate cells using a magnetic field, and density gradient centrifugation, which separates cells based on their density. Differential adhesion is another technique, exploiting the fact that different cell types have varying abilities to stick to surfaces.

Cell separation is a crucial technique in many scientific and clinical applications. It is used in research for studying cell biology, immunology, and cancer. In diagnostics, it can help identify disease markers or isolate cells for further analysis. Therapeutic applications include the selection of specific cells for bone marrow transplantation or gene therapy. The ability to precisely isolate and purify cell populations is fundamental to advancing our understanding of biological systems and developing new treatments.