Sculptors

Sculptors are artists who design and create sculptures, three-dimensional works that occupy space and are experienced from multiple angles. They work in a wide range of media, including stone, metal, wood, ceramic, plaster, and contemporary materials such as resin and composite polymers. Techniques include subtractive carving, additive modeling, casting, and assembling, as well as fabrication through welding, forging, and digital methods.

Sculpture varies in scale from small figurines to large public monuments. Some works are figurative, representing people or animals; others are abstract or conceptual. Many sculptors combine techniques and media, and they may work individually or collaboratively on larger projects such as installations and environmental art.

Training typically involves formal study in art schools or universities, studio practice, and building a portfolio. Apprenticeships and mentorships remain common paths, alongside self-directed work. Knowledge of anatomy, proportion, material properties, and fabrication processes is central to the discipline.

The history of sculpture spans ancient civilizations to contemporary practice, with notable developments in Greek and Roman sculpture, the rise of proportion and relief, Renaissance masters, and modern and postwar experimentation. Preservation of outdoor sculpture raises issues of conservation and ethics, while public sculpture continues to shape cultural memory and urban spaces.