Screws

Screws are versatile fasteners used to join materials, primarily in construction, manufacturing, and furniture assembly. They consist of a helical ridge called a thread wrapped around a cylindrical shaft, which allows them to grip materials securely when turned. Unlike nails, screws are typically designed for removability and provide strong, reliable connections.

Screws are made from various materials, including steel, stainless steel, brass, and plastic, depending on their application. The most common screw types feature a helical thread that extends along part or all of the shaft, and a head that varies in shape for different drivers, such as flat, Phillips, or Torx. The threading can be coarse or fine, influencing the screw's holding strength and the types of materials it can fasten effectively.

The primary function of a screw is to convert rotational force into linear force, drawing materials together tightly. When turned using a screwdriver or drill, the screw's threads engage with the material’s internal or external surface, creating a secure joint. Certain screws are designed with specific features, like self-tapping threads for metal or plastic, or wood screws with deeper threads for better grip in timber.

Screws are classified by their intended purpose, material compatibility, and design features. They are essential components across diverse industries and are often used in conjunction with nuts, washers, or anchors. Proper selection of screw type and size ensures stability, safety, and durability in various applications. Their simple yet effective design has been utilized for centuries and continues to evolve with advances in materials and manufacturing technology.