Schilddrüsenmedikation

Schilddrüsenmedikation encompasses a range of pharmaceutical agents used to treat disorders of the thyroid gland. These medications primarily aim to correct imbalances in thyroid hormone production, which can be either deficient (hypothyroidism) or excessive (hyperthyroidism).

For hypothyroidism, the most common treatment involves hormone replacement therapy. Levothyroxine, a synthetic form of thyroxine (T4), is the gold standard medication. It replenishes the body's insufficient supply of thyroid hormone, restoring normal metabolic function. Dosage is typically adjusted based on individual needs and monitored through blood tests measuring thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.

In cases of hyperthyroidism, the goal is to reduce the overproduction of thyroid hormones. Antithyroid medications, such as methimazole and propylthiouracil, interfere with the thyroid gland's ability to synthesize hormones. Radioactive iodine therapy is another common approach, where the patient ingests a radioactive isotope of iodine that selectively destroys overactive thyroid cells. In severe or persistent cases of hyperthyroidism, surgery to remove part or all of the thyroid gland may be necessary.

Other medications may be used to manage specific symptoms associated with thyroid dysfunction, such as beta-blockers to control rapid heart rate and anxiety in hyperthyroidism. The choice of medication and treatment plan is determined by a healthcare professional based on the specific diagnosis, severity of the condition, and the individual patient's health status. Regular medical supervision is crucial for effective management of thyroid disorders with medication.