Schengenjärjestelyn

Schengenjärjestely refers to the Schengen Agreement and the Schengen Area, a unique zone comprising 27 European countries that have abolished passport and immigration controls at their mutual borders. This arrangement allows for the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the area. The agreement was originally signed in Schengen, Luxembourg, on June 14, 1985, and came into full effect in 1995.

The Schengen Area aims to create a borderless Europe, fostering economic integration and simplifying travel for citizens and visitors alike. While passport checks are removed at internal borders, there are strengthened controls at the external borders of the Schengen Area. Member states cooperate on border security, visa policies, and police and judicial matters to ensure the overall security of the zone.

Not all European Union member states are part of the Schengen Area, and conversely, some non-EU countries are included. Countries that are part of Schengen include most EU member states, as well as Iceland, Norway, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein. Countries like Ireland, which is an EU member, maintain their own border controls due to specific opt-outs. Bulgaria, Romania, and Cyprus are in the process of joining or have partial membership.

The Schengen Information System (SIS) is a crucial component, a large-scale information database used by national law enforcement and border authorities to enhance security within the zone. The principle of free movement is a cornerstone of the European Union and is seen as a significant benefit for both its citizens and the wider European economy.