Sanghamitt

Sanghamitta was a prominent figure in early Buddhism, recognized as the daughter of King Ashoka of the Maurya Empire. Born in the third century BCE, she played a significant role in the spread of Buddhism through her missionary efforts. According to Buddhist tradition, she was the sister of Emperor Ashoka, who converted to Buddhism after witnessing the devastation of the Kalinga War.

Sanghamitta is best known for her journey to Sri Lanka (then known as Ceylon) in the third century BCE. Commissioned by her brother, she traveled with a contingent of monks to establish the Sangha (monastic community) on the island. She carried a branch of the Bodhi Tree, the sacred fig tree under which Siddhartha Gautama attained enlightenment. This branch was planted in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka, where it is said to have grown into the Mahavihara Bodhi Tree, one of the most revered Buddhist relics.

Her mission was successful in consolidating Buddhism in Sri Lanka, which became a major center for the preservation and propagation of the faith. The legend of Sanghamitta’s journey is preserved in Buddhist texts, including the *Mahavamsa*, an ancient chronicle of Sri Lankan history. She is often depicted in art and literature as a symbol of female devotion and dedication to Buddhist teachings.

Sanghamitta’s contributions highlight the role of women in early Buddhist history, particularly in the transmission of the Dharma (teaching). Her legacy endures as a testament to the spread of Buddhism beyond India, reinforcing its cultural and religious significance in Southeast Asia.