Salkunrakennus

Salkunrakennus is a term used in Finnish architecture and construction to describe a modular building approach in which prefabricated external shells are assembled around a main structural core. The name combines salkku, meaning case or shell, with rakennus, meaning construction, and is used to emphasize the outer enclosing layer of the building.

In practice the method focuses on rapid deployment, standardization, and ease of modification. The external shell may be made of steel, timber, or light composite panels, integrated with insulation, weatherproofing, and service routes. Factory fabrication of components enables quality control and shorter on-site work, with modules lifted into place and connected to a central core that houses utilities and vertical circulation.

History: The concept emerged within Finland’s prefab and modular construction traditions in the late 20th century and has been applied to both temporary and permanent facilities. It gained traction as a strategy to reduce on-site disturbance and project timelines, particularly for housing, educational spaces, shelters, and research pavilions. The approach aligns with broader trends in sustainable construction and circular economy by enabling deconstruction and reuse of modules.

Applications and reception: Proponents highlight speed, standardization, and adaptability, with uses ranging from temporary classrooms and emergency shelters to permanent housing blocks and research facilities. Critics point to potential constraints in architectural expression and long-term cost considerations, suggesting that material choices and detailing are crucial to ensure durability and livability over time.