Sadetitratatsioon

Sadetitratatsioon, also known as precipitation titration, is a quantitative chemical analysis technique used to determine the concentration of an analyte by forming a precipitate of known stoichiometry. In this method, a titrant solution containing ions that will form an insoluble compound with the analyte is gradually added to the analyte solution. The addition continues until all the analyte has reacted with the titrant to form the precipitate. The point at which complete precipitation occurs is called the equivalence point.

The detection of the equivalence point in sadetitratatsioon can be achieved through various methods. One common approach is to monitor the turbidity of the solution, as the formation of a precipitate increases turbidity. Alternatively, indicators can be used. These are substances that form a colored complex with either the titrant or the analyte near the equivalence point, signaling the completion of the reaction. Another method involves potentiometric detection, where the potential of an electrode sensitive to one of the ions involved in the precipitation reaction is measured.

Common applications of sadetitratatsioon include the determination of halide ions (chloride, bromide, iodide) using silver nitrate as the titrant, a method known as argentometric titration. It is also used to determine the concentration of sulfate ions by precipitating them as barium sulfate. The accuracy of sadetitratatsioon relies on the formation of a well-defined precipitate with a known and constant composition, and the ability to accurately detect the equivalence point.