STelevationsmyokardieinfarkt

ST elevations refers to a finding on an electrocardiogram (ECG) in which the ST segment is abnormally elevated above the baseline in one or more leads. This pattern is most closely associated with acute transmural myocardial ischemia, and is a key feature used to identify ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, ST elevations can also occur in other conditions such as pericarditis, early repolarization, left ventricular hypertrophy, bundle branch blocks, or as a normal variant in some individuals.

Clinically, ST elevations are interpreted by comparing the patient’s current ECG with prior tracings and by assessing the magnitude and distribution of the elevation across leads. Consensus criteria often consider a threshold of ST-segment elevation of about 1 mm (0.1 mV) in limb leads or greater in precordial leads as a potential abnormal finding, with larger or dynamic elevations increasing the likelihood of an acute coronary syndrome. The shape of the elevation (straight or convex) and accompanying changes, such as reciprocal ST depression or new development of Q waves, can influence interpretation. Diagnostic workup combines ECG findings with clinical symptoms and cardiac biomarkers.

Management focuses on rapid assessment and reperfusion when STEMI is suspected. This typically involves activating emergency protocols for timely reperfusion, preferably with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). If PCI is not available promptly, fibrinolytic therapy may be considered. Ongoing monitoring and risk-factor modification are integral to care, while alternative causes of ST elevations are investigated to avoid misdiagnosis.