STATCOMapparaten

STATCOM apparaten, which stands for Static Synchronous Compensator, are a type of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) device used to improve power quality in electrical grids. They are solid-state power electronic devices that can inject or absorb reactive power into the transmission system. Unlike older synchronous compensators that used rotating machinery, STATCOMs utilize advanced semiconductor technology, such as insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), to control the flow of reactive power.

The primary function of a STATCOM is to regulate voltage and enhance grid stability. By rapidly adjusting their output of reactive power, STATCOMs can counteract voltage fluctuations caused by disturbances like faults or sudden load changes. This rapid response capability is crucial for maintaining a stable voltage profile and preventing cascading failures in the power system. They can provide both capacitive and inductive reactive power, offering a wider operating range and faster response times compared to traditional capacitor banks or synchronous condensers.

STATCOMs are typically connected to the grid through a coupling transformer. The control system monitors grid voltage and adjusts the switching of the IGBTs to produce the desired reactive power output. This allows for precise and almost instantaneous voltage control. Their applications include improving transient stability, reducing power oscillations, and enhancing the capacity of existing transmission lines. The flexibility and efficiency of STATCOM technology have made them an increasingly important component in modern power system operation and planning, especially with the integration of renewable energy sources which can introduce variability into grid voltage.