SLC21A3

SLC21A3, also known as OATPs and SLCO2B1, is a gene that provides instructions for making a protein called the organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1. This protein is a transmembrane transporter, meaning it spans the cell membrane and helps move molecules across it. Specifically, SLC21A3 is involved in the transport of various organic anions, which are negatively charged molecules. These transported substances include hormones like estrogen and thyroid hormones, bile acids, and certain drugs and toxins.

The OATP2B1 protein is primarily found in the liver and intestines, but also in other tissues like the brain and kidneys. Its role in the liver is crucial for the uptake of bile acids, which are essential for digestion and fat absorption. In the intestines, it aids in the absorption of nutrients and the removal of waste products. In the brain, it may play a role in protecting the central nervous system by transporting potentially harmful substances out of the brain.

Variations in the SLC21A3 gene have been associated with differences in how individuals respond to certain medications, particularly statins used to lower cholesterol. It is also being investigated for its potential involvement in various diseases, including liver disorders and certain types of cancer. Research continues to explore the full range of substrates transported by OATP2B1 and its implications for human health and disease.