OATP2B1

OATP2B1, also known as solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1, is a protein encoded by the SLCO2B1 gene. This protein is a member of the organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) family, which are membrane transporters responsible for the uptake of various organic anions into cells. OATP2B1 is primarily expressed in the liver, but also found in the intestines, kidneys, and brain.

The primary function of OATP2B1 is to facilitate the transport of a wide range of substrates, including endogenous compounds like bile acids, steroid conjugates, and prostaglandins, as well as exogenous substances such as drugs and environmental toxins. This broad substrate specificity makes OATP2B1 a significant player in the pharmacokinetics and toxicology of many medications. For instance, it influences the absorption and distribution of statins, angiotensin receptor blockers, and various antiviral drugs.

Genetic variations in the SLCO2B1 gene can lead to altered OATP2B1 function, which may affect an individual's response to certain medications and their susceptibility to certain diseases. Research into OATP2B1 continues to explore its role in drug metabolism, disease pathogenesis, and potential as a therapeutic target. Understanding the precise mechanisms and substrate interactions of OATP2B1 is crucial for personalized medicine and the development of safer and more effective drug therapies.