Rövidhullámú

Rövidhullámú, meaning shortwave in Hungarian, refers to radio waves with wavelengths ranging from 10 to 100 meters, corresponding to frequencies between 3 and 30 megahertz (MHz). These frequencies fall within the shortwave radio spectrum. Shortwave radio is known for its ability to propagate over long distances, often spanning continents, due to its interaction with the Earth's ionosphere.

The ionosphere, a region of the upper atmosphere containing ionized particles, reflects shortwave radio signals. This reflection, known as skywave propagation, allows these signals to bounce back to Earth at distant locations, enabling global communication. This characteristic made shortwave radio crucial for international broadcasting, military communications, and amateur radio operators for many decades.

While advancements in satellite communication and the internet have reduced its dominance in some areas, shortwave radio remains relevant. It continues to be used for international news broadcasts, particularly in regions where internet access is limited or unreliable. Emergency communications and maritime communications also still utilize shortwave frequencies due to their reliable long-distance reach, even in challenging conditions. Amateur radio enthusiasts, often called "hams," continue to engage in shortwave communication, exploring its unique propagation characteristics and building a global community. The term "rövidhullámú" therefore encapsulates a significant aspect of radio technology with a rich history and ongoing utility.