Riksdag

The Riksdag is the supreme legislative body of Sweden, operating as a unicameral parliament since the constitutional reform of 1970. It consists of 349 members elected through a proportional representation system for fixed four‑year terms. The Riksdag convenes in the Parliament House on the island of Helgeandsholmen in central Stockholm, a building completed in 1905 that also houses the Speaker’s office and various committees.

Legislative responsibilities of the Riksdag include enacting laws, approving the state budget, and overseeing the government. Members form standing committees that scrutinise bills, conduct inquiries, and prepare reports for plenary debate. The Speaker, elected by the chamber, presides over sessions and represents the Parliament externally, while the Prime Minister, appointed by the Speaker after consulting party leaders, heads the executive branch.

Swedish political life is characterised by a multi‑party system; seats are allocated to parties that surpass a 4 percent national threshold or secure at least 12 percent of votes in a constituency. The Riksdag’s decisions are made by majority vote, and its proceedings are publicly broadcast, reflecting Sweden’s commitment to transparency and democratic participation.