Reziduální

Reziduální is an adjective in Czech meaning remaining or left over after a process, operation, or transformation. It is used across disciplines to describe what persists after something else has been removed, completed, or accounted for. The term derives from the Latin residuum and is formed in Czech with the suffix -ální to describe a characteristic related to what remains.

In mathematics and statistics, reziduální (or residual) refers to the difference between an observed value and the value predicted by a model, such as a regression line. Residuals are analyzed to assess model fit, detect outliers, and check assumptions like homoscedasticity and normality. Small, randomly scattered residuals indicate a well-fitting model.

In physics, engineering, and materials science, reziduální often denotes stresses, charges, or temperatures that persist after external influences are removed. Reziduální napětí (residual stress) in a manufactured part can affect performance and distortion. Residual heat or residual flux may also be described as remaining after processing steps, cooling, or reactions.

In chemistry and process engineering, reziduální substances are those remaining after a purification, reaction, or drying step. Examples include residual solvents or moisture that must be controlled for product quality or safety.

In economics and finance, reziduální hodnota can refer to salvage or residual value—the expected value of an asset at the end of its useful life.

Overall, reziduální conveys the idea of what remains once the primary process has concluded, across scientific, engineering, and practical contexts.