Reuses

Reuses, or reuse, refers to the practice of using an item or resource again, rather than discarding it after a single use. Reuse can involve the same function or repurposing for a different one, and it is a core concept in sustainability and the circular economy.

Types of reuse include material reuse (salvaged or second-hand goods), product reuse (refurbished items, rental services, or upcycling), and systemic reuse such as water reuse (recycling wastewater for irrigation or industrial processes) and energy reuse (waste heat recovery). In software, code reuse and the use of libraries and open-source components are common forms of reuse.

Practices span households (reusing containers, clothing, and furniture), construction (salvaged bricks or timber), manufacturing (remanufacturing, component reuse), and healthcare (reprocessing certain devices where permitted and safe).

Benefits include reduced waste, lower resource extraction, energy savings, cost reduction over the life of products, and support for local economies. Challenges include ensuring quality and safety, regulatory barriers, upfront costs, consumer acceptance, and the need for standards and interoperable systems.

Policy and industry efforts aim to promote reuse through procurement guidelines, incentives, and design for reuse. Standards organizations and certifications may address material compatibility, safety, and traceability.

See also: Circular economy, remanufacturing, upcycling, recycling, waste reduction.