Resonanssipiiri

Resonanssipiiri, or resonant circuit in English, is an electrical circuit that consists of an inductor and a capacitor. When these components are connected, they can store and exchange electrical energy. This exchange happens at a specific frequency, known as the resonant frequency. At this frequency, the inductive and capacitive reactances cancel each other out, leading to a purely resistive impedance.

There are two primary types of resonant circuits: series resonant circuits and parallel resonant circuits. In a series resonant circuit, the inductor and capacitor are connected in series. At resonance, the impedance of the circuit is at its minimum, and the current is at its maximum. In a parallel resonant circuit, the inductor and capacitor are connected in parallel. At resonance, the impedance of the circuit is at its maximum, and the current drawn from the source is at its minimum.

The behavior of a resonant circuit is characterized by its quality factor, or Q factor. The Q factor indicates how sharp the resonance is. A higher Q factor means a narrower bandwidth and a more selective circuit, meaning it responds strongly only to frequencies very close to the resonant frequency.

Resonant circuits have numerous applications in electronics. They are fundamental components in radio transmitters and receivers for tuning to specific frequencies. They are also used in filters to select or reject certain frequency bands, in oscillators to generate specific frequencies, and in power supplies for voltage regulation. The ability to selectively respond to or reject specific frequencies makes resonant circuits indispensable in many electronic systems.