ReorderPointMethoden

Reorder Point Methoden, or Reorder Point Methods, are inventory control techniques that determine when to replenish stock based on expected consumption during lead time and the desired service level. They are used in both continuous and periodic review systems and are applicable to raw materials, components, and finished goods.

In continuous review systems, also known as the (Q,R) model, a fixed order quantity Q is placed whenever the inventory position falls to the reorder point R. The reorder point is typically calculated as R = μDL + zσDL, where μDL is the average demand during lead time, σDL is the standard deviation of demand during lead time, and z corresponds to the chosen service level. The safety stock component, zσDL, buffers against variability in demand and lead time and determines the stockout risk.

In periodic review systems, such as the (S,s) or (P,S) models, inventory is checked at fixed intervals and orders are placed to raise the level up to a target S. The required S reflects expected cycle demand plus safety stock to achieve the desired service level.

Key considerations include accurate demand forecasting, estimation of lead time and its variability, and the selection of an appropriate service level. The method involves trade-offs between holding costs and stockout risk, and it can be integrated with the Economic Order Quantity approach so that R acts as the trigger within a fixed order size.

Limitations include reliance on historical demand patterns and sensitivity to changes in demand or lead time. Reorder Point Methoden are widely used to maintain service levels while controlling inventory carrying costs.