Relatív

Relatív is an adjective used in Hungarian and other languages to describe something that is dependent on reference points, context, or comparison rather than being absolute. The term comes from Latin relativus and is widely used across disciplines to indicate dependence on a frame of reference or a surrounding situation.

In physics, relativity is a foundational concept. Special Relativity deals with how measurements of space and time vary for observers in different inertial frames, highlighting the constancy of the speed of light and phenomena such as time dilation and length contraction. General Relativity extends these ideas to gravitation, describing how mass and energy influence the curvature of spacetime, which explains effects like gravitational time dilation and light deflection.

In linguistics, a relative clause, or relatív mondat, modifies a noun and is linked via a relative pronoun (such as who, which, that). These clauses provide additional information about an antecedent and can be essential or nonessential to the meaning of the sentence.

In mathematics and statistics, relatív is used to form expressions such as relative frequency, relative error, or relative distance, indicating a proportion or comparison to a reference quantity rather than an absolute value. In logic and set theory, relations describe how objects connect or correspond to one another.

In philosophy and social sciences, relativism denotes the view that beliefs, values, or knowledge are contingent on cultural, contextual, or individual perspectives, in contrast to absolutist positions. Relatív thus serves as a general term for dependence on context across fields.