Rearrests

Rearrests refer to arrests that occur after a prior arrest, and are commonly used in criminology as a proxy for recidivism. A rearrest does not necessarily indicate a new conviction; it records another contact with law enforcement within a specified period. Researchers often measure rearrests within fixed follow-up intervals (for example six, twelve, or twenty-four months) after release from custody, probation, or parole. Because rearrests depend on policing and case processing, they reflect both offending and enforcement patterns and may not align with actual crime rates.

Factors influencing rearrest risk include prior criminal history, age at release, substance use or mental health issues, unstable housing, and unemployment. Protective factors such as stable housing, employment, treatment engagement, and supportive supervision can reduce risk. Jurisdictional differences in sentencing, release policies, and program availability complicate comparisons.

Policy responses aim to reduce rearrests through reentry supports, including housing assistance, employment services, substance use and mental health treatment, and risk-appropriate supervision. Programs emphasizing rapid linkage to services and community-based supervision are common.

Critiques note that rearrest as a metric can be affected by policing intensity and data quality, and that it does not automatically indicate long-term desistance. When interpreting rearrest statistics, it is important to consider local policy contexts and data limitations.