Reabsorción

Reabsorción is a biological process where a substance is taken back into the bloodstream or lymph. This occurs in various physiological systems, playing a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis. In the kidneys, reabsorción is a primary function of the nephron. After filtration of blood, essential substances like water, glucose, amino acids, and ions are selectively reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate back into the capillaries surrounding the tubules. This process ensures that vital nutrients are conserved and waste products are eliminated in the urine.

Another significant site of reabsorción is the digestive system. In the intestines, nutrients from digested food are reabsorbed into the bloodstream. This includes carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals, which are then transported to cells throughout the body for energy and growth. Water is also extensively reabsorbed in the intestines, contributing to the formation of solid waste.

In bone remodeling, reabsorción refers to the breakdown of bone tissue by osteoclasts. This process is essential for bone maintenance, repair, and calcium homeostasis. While reabsorción is a normal and necessary function, dysregulation can lead to conditions like osteoporosis, where bone mass is lost excessively. The term reabsorción can also be applied in other contexts, such as the reabsorción of shed skin cells or the reabsorción of implanted medical devices.