RautaIIsulfaatin

Rauta(II)sulfaatti, with the chemical formula FeSO4, is an inorganic salt. It is commonly known as ferrous sulfate, green vitriol, or copperas. In its anhydrous form, it is a white solid, but it is more commonly encountered as a blue-green heptahydrate, FeSO4·7H2O, which is the most prevalent form.

Iron(II) sulfate has a variety of applications. It is used in the purification of water and in the production of inks and dyes. Historically, it was a significant component in the formulation of iron gall ink. In agriculture, it is used as a soil amendment to reduce soil pH, and to treat iron deficiency in plants, a condition known as chlorosis. It is also employed in the treatment of anemia in humans and livestock, although its use in medicine requires careful dosage and medical supervision.

The production of iron(II) sulfate is often a byproduct of the steel industry, specifically from the pickling process where steel is cleaned with acid. It can also be produced by reacting iron with sulfuric acid. The compound is soluble in water, forming acidic solutions. It is a reducing agent and can be oxidized to iron(III) sulfate in the presence of oxidizing agents.