Ratnatraya

Ratnatraya, meaning the three jewels, is a foundational concept in Jainism describing the path to liberation. The term combines ratna (jewel) and traya (three), and is sometimes referred to as the Triratna. The three components are samyak darshan (Right Faith), samyak jnana (Right Knowledge), and samyak charitra (Right Conduct).

Right Faith involves a correct understanding of the nature of the soul, karma, and the Jain cosmology, including belief in the teachings of the Tirthankaras and the authenticity of Jain scriptures. Right Knowledge refers to accurate knowledge about the self, the mechanism of karma, and the laws of fate as explained in Jain philosophy. Right Conduct encompasses ethical living and discipline, including the observance of vows, nonviolence (ahimsa), truthfulness, non-stealing, and restraint in sensual and material desires.

Together, the Ratnatraya are regarded as the essential framework for spiritual progress. They are not merely theoretical but are to be cultivated in tandem; misalignment in one aspect is seen as hindering progress toward moksha (liberation). The path emphasizes personal insight and ethical practice, guiding Jain adherents toward a state of kevala jnana (omniscient knowledge) and ultimate release from the cycle of birth and death.

In traditional Jainism, the Ratnatraya are emphasized across sects, including Śvetāmbara and Digambara communities. While practices and emphasis may vary regionally or doctrinally, the core idea remains: liberation arises from a sincere combination of correct belief, knowledge, and conduct.