Ratifikációja

Ratifikációja refers to the process by which a state formally approves and binds itself to a treaty or international agreement. This is typically a legal and political procedure undertaken by the competent national authorities, most often the legislature or parliament, following the signature of the treaty by representatives of the state. The act of ratification signifies the state's intention to fulfill the obligations set forth in the agreement.

In many countries, ratification requires parliamentary consent, ensuring that the treaty's provisions are reviewed and debated within the national legal and political framework. Once ratified, the treaty becomes part of the domestic law of the state, or at least legally binding under international law. The specific procedures for ratification vary significantly from one country to another, often detailed in their respective constitutions or laws. Some treaties may require a simple majority vote, while others may necessitate a supermajority or even a referendum.

The process of ratification is crucial for the international legal system. It ensures that states do not become bound by international commitments without proper domestic deliberation and authorization. The deposit of the instrument of ratification with a designated depository, often a treaty secretariat or a specific state, is the formal act that completes the ratification process and makes the treaty effective for that state. Without ratification, a state's signature on a treaty generally does not create legally binding obligations, although it may signify an intention to ratify.