Rasvahappomethylesteriä

Rasvahappomethylesteriä, often abbreviated as FAME, is the Finnish term for fatty acid methyl ester. These compounds are a type of ester derived from fatty acids and methanol. They are commonly produced through a process called transesterification, where triglycerides found in vegetable oils or animal fats react with methanol in the presence of a catalyst. This reaction breaks down the triglycerides into glycerol and three molecules of FAME.

FAMEs are best known as the primary component of biodiesel fuel. When used as a fuel additive or as a standalone fuel, they offer a renewable alternative to petroleum-based diesel. Biodiesel produced from FAMEs generally has a lower sulfur content and can be more readily biodegradable than conventional diesel. The specific properties of FAMEs, such as their viscosity, flash point, and cetane number, depend on the type of fatty acid from which they are derived. For instance, FAMEs from saturated fatty acids tend to be more solid at room temperature than those from unsaturated fatty acids.

Beyond fuel, FAMEs have various industrial applications. They are used as solvents, lubricants, and as intermediates in the production of other chemicals. Their versatility stems from their amphiphilic nature, meaning they have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. This makes them useful in formulations for detergents, emulsifiers, and surfactants. The feedstock for FAME production can range from common vegetable oils like rapeseed or soybean oil to used cooking oil and animal fats, influencing the final product's characteristics and environmental footprint.