Rajarata

Rajarata is a historical region in Sri Lanka, roughly corresponding to the northern and central parts of the island. The name "Rajarata" translates to "King's country" or "Kingdom of the King" in Sinhala, reflecting its significance as the seat of ancient Sri Lankan Sinhalese kingdoms. This region was the heartland of the Anuradhapura Kingdom, which lasted for over a thousand years from the 4th century BCE to the 11th century CE. Later, it also encompassed the Polonnaruwa Kingdom, which followed Anuradhapura.

The fertile plains of Rajarata, watered by intricate ancient irrigation systems, supported a thriving agricultural society. The most notable of these systems are the vast reservoirs like the Parakrama Samudra and the Manimäkhala Tank, along with a complex network of canals and anicuts. These engineering marvels allowed for extensive paddy cultivation, the staple food of the populace.

Beyond its agricultural prowess, Rajarata was the spiritual and cultural center of Sri Lanka. It was here that Buddhism took root and flourished, with the establishment of major monastic complexes and stupas such as the Ruwanwelisaya and the Jetavanaramaya in Anuradhapura. The region is dotted with numerous archaeological sites, including ancient cities, temples, and monasteries, which bear testament to its rich past. The decline of Rajarata as the political center is often linked to invasions from South India and the gradual shift of power southwards, though its historical and cultural legacy remains profound.