Rafineerimistehas

Rafineerimistehas, also known as a refinery, is an industrial facility where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel, fuel oil, asphalt base, heating oil, and other petroleum products. The process involves several stages, including desalting, atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, and various conversion processes like catalytic cracking and reforming. These processes are designed to separate the crude oil into its various components and convert them into more valuable products.

Refineries play a crucial role in the global energy supply chain. They are typically located near large oil fields to minimize transportation costs and are often integrated with other industries such as petrochemical plants. The efficiency and capacity of a refinery are measured by its throughput, which is the amount of crude oil it can process per day.

The environmental impact of refineries is a significant concern. They produce emissions such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter, which contribute to air pollution. Additionally, the handling and storage of large quantities of flammable and toxic substances pose risks to both human health and the environment. As a result, modern refineries are increasingly adopting cleaner technologies and practices to minimize their environmental footprint.

Refineries are also subject to strict regulatory oversight to ensure they operate safely and responsibly. This includes compliance with environmental regulations, safety standards, and quality control measures. The continuous improvement of refinery technology and practices is essential to meet the growing demand for petroleum products while addressing environmental and safety challenges.