Radiocarpienne

Radiocarpienne, also known as the radiocarpal joint, is the wrist joint formed by the articulation of the distal radius with the proximal row of carpal bones, primarily the scaphoid and lunate, and to a lesser extent the triquetrum. The ulna does not directly participate in this joint; the distal radioulnar joint and the triangular fibrocartilage complex separate the ulna from the radiocarpal articulation.

Anatomy and structure: The radiocarpal joint is enclosed by a fibrous capsule reinforced on the palmar (volar) and the dorsal aspects by ligaments, including the radiocapitate, radiolunate, and radiocarpal components that connect the radius to the proximal carpal row. The triangular fibrocartilage complex provides additional stability on the ulnar side and forms a soft-tissue barrier between the distal ulna and the radiocarpal articulation. The proximal carpal row acts in concert with the radius to transfer loads across the wrist.

Movement and function: The radiocarpal joint is a condyloid type allowing flexion, extension, and varying degrees of radial (abduction) and ulnar deviation. The range of motion is greater for flexion–extension than for deviation, and coupled motions of the radius and proximal carpal row enable many wrist movements during daily activities.

Clinical relevance: The joint can be affected by fractures of the distal radius that involve its articular surface, perilunate dislocations, and radiocarpal osteoarthritis. Diagnosis relies on clinical examination and imaging, including X-rays and, when indicated, CT or MRI to assess cartilage and soft tissue structures.

In summary, the radiocarpienne is the key articulating interface between the distal forearm and the hand, enabling the complex movements of the wrist.