RNSpolimeráz
RNSpolimeráz (RNA polymerase) denotes a family of enzymes that synthesize RNA from a template. In most cellular systems, it is a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase that transcribes genes from a DNA template into a complementary RNA strand. Bacteria possess a single RNA polymerase that requires a sigma factor for promoter recognition. The bacterial core enzyme is made of multiple subunits and works with sigma to locate promoters, initiate transcription, and then proceed to elongation.
Eukaryotes have three main nuclear RNA polymerases: RNA polymerase I, II, and III, each dedicated to different
Mechanism: The polymerase catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds, incorporating ribonucleotides with the help of divalent
Regulation and inhibition: Transcription is regulated by DNA-binding factors, chromatin structure, signaling pathways, and other regulatory
RNA-dependent RNA polymerases also exist in some viruses and in RNA silencing pathways, copying RNA templates