RNF123

RNF123, also known as ring finger protein 123 or ZNF123, is a human gene that encodes a protein involved in cellular processes, particularly those related to DNA repair and genome stability. Located on chromosome 19 at position 19q13.41, RNF123 is classified as a zinc finger protein due to the presence of multiple zinc finger domains in its structure, which facilitate DNA binding and protein-protein interactions.

The RNF123 protein contains an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase domain, indicating its role in ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. This function is critical for regulating protein turnover and signaling pathways. Research suggests that RNF123 may participate in the DNA damage response, particularly in the repair of double-strand breaks through non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), a key pathway for maintaining genomic integrity.

Studies have linked RNF123 to cancer biology, as its expression levels can vary in different tumor types. For instance, some research indicates that RNF123 may act as a tumor suppressor, while other findings suggest it could contribute to oncogenesis depending on the cellular context. Its precise mechanisms in cancer progression remain an area of active investigation.

Beyond its role in DNA repair, RNF123 has been implicated in other cellular functions, including transcriptional regulation and apoptosis. Mutations or dysregulated expression of RNF123 have been associated with genetic disorders and increased susceptibility to chromosomal instability, which can lead to various diseases, including cancer.

Further research is needed to fully elucidate the biological functions of RNF123 and its potential as a therapeutic target. Understanding its role in DNA repair and genome maintenance could provide insights into developing treatments for conditions linked to genomic instability.