Qairawan

Qairawan is a city in north-central Tunisia, located about 160 kilometers (99 miles) south of Tunis. It is the capital of the Kairouan Governorate and is considered one of the most important religious and historical centers in the Islamic world. Founded in 670 CE by the Arab conqueror Uqba ibn Nafi, Qairawan quickly became a major center of Islamic learning and culture, and the first Arab city established in the Maghreb.

The city is renowned for its Great Mosque of Kairouan, a UNESCO World Heritage site, which is one of the oldest and most important mosques in North Africa. The mosque is characterized by its distinctive minaret, its vast prayer hall supported by numerous columns, and its beautiful mihrab. Qairawan is also known for its well-preserved medina, another UNESCO World Heritage site, featuring narrow, winding streets, traditional souks, and numerous mosques and mausoleums. The Aghlabid Pools, a series of large water reservoirs built in the 9th century, are another significant historical feature of the city, showcasing advanced engineering for their time.

Historically, Qairawan played a crucial role in the spread of Islam and Arab culture throughout North Africa and into Europe. It served as a base for military campaigns and a center for religious scholarship. Today, Qairawan remains a significant pilgrimage site for Muslims, particularly those of the Maliki school of jurisprudence, and attracts a substantial number of tourists interested in its rich history and architectural heritage. The city is also known for its traditional crafts, especially carpet weaving and the production of brassware.