QRkóði

QRkóði, known in Icelandic as QR-kóði, refers to the Quick Response code, a two-dimensional barcode that stores data in a matrix of black modules on a white background. The code is designed to be read quickly by cameras on smartphones or dedicated scanners, which decode the information and present it to the user, often as a URL, contact data, or plain text.

Origin and design: QR codes were invented in 1994 by Denso Wave, a subsidiary of the Japanese company Toyota, to track parts during manufacturing. The name stands for Quick Response. They employ Reed-Solomon error correction so data can be recovered if the code is partially damaged. QR codes come in versions 1 through 40 and support four error-correction levels (L, M, Q, H), allowing data to be read even when portions of the code are obscured.

Data capacity: Depending on version and error correction, a QR code can encode numeric, alphanumeric, byte, or Kanji data. Maximum capacities at version 40 include up to 7,089 numeric characters, 4,296 alphanumeric characters, 2,953 bytes, or 1,817 Kanji characters. Dynamic QR codes can redirect to a URL that can be updated without changing the printed code.

Uses: QR codes are widely used to link to websites, display text, share contact information, or initiate payments and tickets. They appear on packaging, advertisements, tickets, menus, and public information displays. In Iceland and elsewhere, they facilitate quick access to services and digital content, especially where using a phone camera is convenient.