Pöörlemomendi

Pöörlemomendi, also known as torque, is a measure of the twisting force that tends to cause rotation. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. The magnitude of the torque is calculated by multiplying the force applied by the distance from the pivot point (also known as the lever arm). The direction of the torque is perpendicular to both the force and the lever arm, typically determined by the right-hand rule.

In physics and engineering, torque is fundamental to understanding rotational motion. Just as force causes linear acceleration, torque causes angular acceleration. A larger torque applied to an object will result in a greater change in its rotational speed over time. The SI unit for torque is the newton-meter (Nm). While this unit is the same as that for energy (joule), torque and energy are distinct physical concepts. Torque describes a force's tendency to cause rotation, whereas energy is the capacity to do work.

Common examples of torque include tightening a bolt with a wrench, pedaling a bicycle, or the force exerted by an electric motor. The effectiveness of a torque application depends not only on the magnitude of the force but also on where that force is applied relative to the axis of rotation. Applying force further from the pivot point generally produces a greater torque for the same force.