Päihdealtistukset

Päihdealtistukset refers to exposure to psychoactive substances during pregnancy. This can include alcohol, illegal drugs, and prescribed medications. The effects of such exposure on a developing fetus can vary widely depending on the type of substance, the amount consumed, the duration of exposure, and the stage of pregnancy.

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) are a group of conditions that can occur in a person whose mother drank alcohol during pregnancy. FASD can include physical, behavioral, and intellectual disabilities. Alcohol is a known teratogen, meaning it can cause birth defects.

Exposure to illegal drugs like opioids, stimulants, and cannabis during pregnancy can also have serious consequences. Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a condition where babies born to mothers who used opioids during pregnancy experience withdrawal symptoms after birth. Other risks include premature birth, low birth weight, and developmental problems.

The use of certain prescribed medications during pregnancy also carries risks. Healthcare providers weigh the potential benefits of necessary medications against the potential risks to the fetus. Decisions regarding medication use are made on a case-by-case basis in consultation with medical professionals.

Preventing päihdealtistukset involves education, support for pregnant individuals, and access to substance abuse treatment. Early intervention and comprehensive care are crucial for managing the effects of prenatal substance exposure and supporting the child's development. Research continues to explore the long-term impacts and effective interventions for individuals affected by päihdealtistukset.