Pulpanekrose

Pulpanekrose refers to the death of tooth pulp tissue. The pulp, located within the tooth's root canal, contains nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue. Necrosis occurs when the pulp is irreversibly damaged, typically due to trauma, deep decay, or repeated dental procedures. When pulp tissue dies, it can no longer receive nourishment and oxygen, leading to its degeneration.

The symptoms of pulpanekrosis can vary. Initially, a tooth with necrotic pulp may be asymptomatic. However, as the condition progresses, pain can develop, ranging from mild discomfort to severe, throbbing pain. The tooth may also become discolored, appearing darker than surrounding teeth. Sensitivity to temperature changes might also be present, although this can sometimes be absent in fully necrotic teeth.

Diagnosis of pulpanekrosis is made through a combination of clinical examination, radiographic assessment, and pulp vitality testing. Radiographs may reveal changes in the bone surrounding the tooth's root tip, indicating inflammation or infection. Pulp vitality tests, such as cold or electric pulp testing, are used to assess the nerve's responsiveness. A non-responsive pulp suggests necrosis.

The primary treatment for pulpanekrosis is root canal therapy. This procedure involves removing the dead pulp tissue, cleaning and disinfecting the root canal system, and then filling and sealing the space. If left untreated, pulpanekrosis can lead to infection and abscess formation, potentially causing more severe complications and even tooth loss. In some cases, extraction of the tooth may be necessary if root canal treatment is not feasible or has failed.