Pulayas

Pulayas were a historically marginalized community classified as a Dalit group within the social hierarchy of India, primarily residing in the southern states such as Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Traditionally, they were engaged in occupations considered to be menial or impure, such as manual scavenging, cleaning, and other unskilled labor. Due to their social status, Pulayas faced significant social discrimination and economic disadvantages.

In Kerala, the Pulaya community played a prominent role in the social and political landscape of the 19th and 20th centuries. They were instrumental in various social reform movements aimed at improving literacy, social dignity, and fighting caste-based discrimination. Leaders like Dr. Ayyappan and others emerged from within the community, advocating for societal change and rights for Dalit populations.

Post-independence India has seen efforts to uplift marginalized communities, including the Pulayas, through affirmative action policies such as reservations in education and employment. Despite these initiatives, disparities and social stigmas persist in some regions.

Today, the term “Pulaya” is considered outdated and can be seen as a reflection of past caste classifications. Many individuals from this community have made significant advances in education, politics, and various professional fields, contributing to broader social integration and reform. The community continues to advocate for equal rights and social justice, reflecting ongoing struggles against caste-based discrimination in India.