Pseudoephedrinecontaining

Pseudoephedrine-containing products are medicines that use pseudoephedrine as an active decongestant ingredient. They are used to relieve nasal congestion associated with colds, flu, allergies, and sinusitis by narrowing blood vessels in the nasal passages, which reduces swelling and mucus production. Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic agent that acts on alpha-adrenergic receptors to constrict mucosal blood vessels.

These products come in various forms, most commonly oral tablets or extended-release capsules. They are frequently found as single-ingredient formulations or as part of combination products that may include acetaminophen or other analgesics, antihistamines, cough suppressants, or guaifenesin. In many jurisdictions, pseudoephedrine-containing items are kept behind the counter or require a prescription due to concerns about diversion for illicit drug synthesis, rather than being readily available on standard shelves.

Clinical use and efficacy vary with formulation. Pseudoephedrine typically begins to relieve congestion within 15 to 60 minutes and can provide several hours of relief. It may be more effective for nasal decongestion than phenylephrine in some studies, though individual response can differ. It should be used at the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible duration. Caution is advised in people with cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, glaucoma, thyroid disorders, or enlarged prostate, and in those taking certain antidepressants or MAO inhibitors.

Regulatory frameworks in many countries restrict access to pseudoephedrine to limit illicit use. In the United States, products containing pseudoephedrine are subject to behind-the-counter sales, purchaser identification requirements, and daily/30-day purchase limits. Consumers should consult healthcare providers before use if symptoms persist, worsen, or if there are preexisting health concerns.