Przytoczony

Przytoczony is a Polish past participle of the verb przytoczyć, meaning to cite or quote. In usage, it functions as an adjective that marks something as having been cited or brought into a text from an external source.

Morphology and agreement: as a participle it agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case (przytoczony, przytoczona, przytoczone, przytoczeni, etc.). It is common in formal writing, including scholarly articles, journalism, and analytical texts.

Usage and meanings: przytoczony is typically placed before a noun to describe a fragment, citation, or source that has been included in the work (for example, przytoczony fragment, przytoczony cytat, przytoczone źródło). It can also appear predicatively in sentences such as Fragment został przytoczony w artykule, indicating that the fragment was cited within the article.

Nuance and relation to related terms: przytoczony is closely related to cytowany (quoted) and zacytowany (directly cited). While cytowany often emphasizes a direct quotation, and zacytowany similarly refers to a quoted source, przytoczony stresses the act of bringing the source into the text or discussion, which may include paraphrase or indirect reference as well as direct quotation depending on context.

Examples: W przytoczonym fragmencie autor odwołuje się do danych z 2019 roku. W artykule przytoczony zostaje argument dotyczący wpływu klimatu na migrację. These usages illustrate how przytoczony signals that material originated from a cited source rather than being the author’s own idea.