Protonpompinhibitoren

Protonpompinhibitoren, commonly known as proton pump inhibitors or PPIs, are a class of drugs that significantly reduce the production of stomach acid. They work by irreversibly blocking the enzyme in the stomach lining responsible for secreting hydrogen ions (protons) into the stomach lumen. This enzyme is known as the H+/K+-ATPase, or more colloquially, the proton pump. By inhibiting this pump, PPIs effectively decrease the acidity of the stomach.

These medications are widely prescribed for a variety of gastrointestinal conditions, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers (both gastric and duodenal), Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and as part of treatment regimens for Helicobacter pylori infection. Their efficacy in reducing acid has made them a cornerstone in managing symptoms associated with excessive stomach acid, such as heartburn, indigestion, and pain.

PPIs are typically administered orally, usually in a delayed-release formulation to protect them from degradation by stomach acid itself. They are generally well-tolerated, although potential side effects can include headache, diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal pain. Long-term use has been associated with an increased risk of certain nutrient deficiencies, such as vitamin B12 and magnesium, and potentially an increased risk of bone fractures and certain infections like Clostridium difficile.

The development of PPIs marked a significant advancement in the treatment of acid-related disorders, offering more potent and sustained acid suppression compared to earlier medications like H2-receptor antagonists. Examples of commonly prescribed proton pump inhibitors include omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole, and esomeprazole.