Proresolutory

Proresolutory refers to a class of endogenous lipid mediators that actively promote the resolution of inflammation. Unlike anti-inflammatory molecules that suppress inflammatory responses, proresolutory mediators orchestrate a process that actively switches off inflammation and initiates tissue repair. These specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are derived from essential fatty acids like omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Key families of SPMs include lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins.

These molecules work through specific receptor interactions on various immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and endothelial cells. Their actions include inhibiting neutrophil infiltration into inflamed tissues, promoting the efferocytosis (clearance) of apoptotic neutrophils and cellular debris by macrophages, and reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. By actively resolving inflammation, SPMs prevent chronic inflammation, tissue damage, and the development of associated diseases. Their discovery has opened new avenues for therapeutic strategies aimed at accelerating healing and managing inflammatory conditions. Research continues to elucidate the precise mechanisms and therapeutic potential of proresolutory pathways.